PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN UNTUK MENGUKUR KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS SISWA SMA

Abstract

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) kelayakan instrumen penilaian untuk mengukur keterampilan proses sains siswa SMA ditinjau dari karakteristik standar tes dan (2) seberapa besar tingkat penguasaan instrumen penilaian untuk mengukur keterampilan proses sains siswa SMA. Prosedur pengembangan dalam penelitian ini dengan model 4-D yang dikemukakan oleh Thiagarajan yaitu define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), develop (pengembangan), dan disseminate (penyebarluasan). Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa angket, wawancara, dan soal pilihan ganda beralasan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif dengan menggunakan statistik Aiken's V dan analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan program QUEST. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. (1) Instrumen penilaian untuk mengukur keterampilan proses sains siswa SMA dikatakan layak ditinjau dari karakteristik standar tes yaitu kecocokkan butir soal dengan INFIT MNSQ 0,86 sampai 1,29, Reliabilitas sebesar 0,80, dan tingkat kesukaran dengan jangkauan -1,47 sampai 1,59 terdiri dari 3 katergori: 11 butir soal mudah, 7 butir soal sedang, dan 5 butir soal Sukar. (2) Persentase tingkat penguasaan keterampilan proses sains siswa pada sekolah dengan kategori tinggi 76,64%, kategori sedang 73,71% dan rendah 70,12%.

This development research aimed to determine: (1) the feasibility of assessment instrument to measure the science process skills of high school students in terms of test standard characteristics and (2) how the level of assessment instrument mastery to measure the science process skills of high school students. The development procedure used in this study was by using 4-D model that was found by Thiagarajan; define, design, develop, and disseminate. The instruments used in collecting the data were questionnaires, interview, and multiple choice questions reasoned. The technique for analyzing the data used in this study was qualitative analysis by using Aiken's V statistics and quantitative analysis by using QUEST program. The results of this study were (1) assessment instrument to measure the process skills of high school students where could be categorized as effective from test standard characteristic namely the matching of question items with INFIT MNSQ was 0.86 until 1.29. The reliability was 0.80 and the difficulty level was -1.47 until 1.59 consisted of 3 categories: 11 items of easy question, 7 items of medium questions, and 5 questions of difficult question. (2) The percentage of assessment instrument mastery level science process skills of high school students in high level was 76.64%, medium category was 73.71%, and poor level was 70.12%.