PENGARUH JENIS DAN DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN GULMA PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.)

Abstract

This research was carried out on the farm land of the PLN Diklat Complex in Timbangan Village, Indralaya Utara Subdistrict, Ogan Ilir District, which ran from January to April 2018. The design used was Factorial Randomized Block Design. The main factor is the type of manure consisting of chicken manure (P₁) and cow manure (P₂). The second factor is that the manure dosage consists of without manure (D₀), a dose of 10 tons / ha (D₁), a dose of 20 tons / ha (D₂) and a dose of 30 tons / ha (D₃). Based on the number of treatments tested, there are 2 x 4 = 8 combinations of treatments. Each treatment was repeated three times (8 x 3) so that there were 24 experimental units. Observation of weeds is calculated by SDR (Summed Dominance Ratio), which is an important value divided by its forming parameters with the formula: KN + FN + DN / 3. The variables observed included the identification of weeds and the number of species of weeds. The results showed that weed species that dominated for each treatment were the same, and the highest weed dry weight was found in the treatment of chicken manure (P₁). The types of weeds that dominated at the beginning of the observation were Digitaria cilliaris, Eleusine indica, Cyperus rotundus and Hedyotis corymbosa. Types of weeds that dominate the observations of age 30 and age 70 HST are Cyperus rotundus, Digitaria cilliaris, Elusine indica and Richardia brasiliensis.

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan petani Komplek PLN Diklat Desa Timbangan  Kecamatan Indralaya Utara Kabupaten Ogan Ilir yang berlangsung dari bulan Januari  hingga  April 2018. Rancangan yang digunakan  adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial. Faktor pertama yaitu jenis pupuk kandang terdiri dari pupuk kandang kotoran ayam (P₁) dan pupuk kandang kotoran sapi (P₂). Faktor kedua yaitu dosis pupuk kandang  terdiri dari tanpa pupuk kandang (D₀), dosis 10 ton/ha (D₁) ,dosis 20 ton/ha (D₂) dan dosis 30 ton/ha (D₃). Berdasarkan jumlah perlakuan yang dicobakan maka terdapat 2 x 4 = 8 kombinasi perlakuan. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali (8 x 3) sehingga terdapat 24 unit percobaan.  Pengamatan gulma dilakukan perhitungan SDR (Summed Dominance Ratio), yaitu nilai penting dibagi dengan parameter pembentuknya dengan rumus : KN + FN + DN/3. Peubah yang diamati meliputi identifikasi gulma dan jumlah jenis gulma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Jenis gulma yang mendominasi untuk setiap perlakuan sama, dan berat kering gulma terbanyak terdapat pada perlakuan pupuk kandang ayam (P₁). Jenis gulma yang mendominasi pada awal pengamatan adalah Digataria cilliaris, Eleusine indica, Cyperus rotundus dan Hedyotis corymbosa. Jenis gulma yang mendominasi pada pengamatan umur 30 dan umur 70 HST adalah Cyperus rotundus, Digataria cilliaris, Elusine indica  dan  Richardia brasiliensis.