Efek Leptin Berlebih terhadap fertilitas Laki-laki
Abstract
Secara global, kejadian infertilitas pada pasangan suami-istri mencapai 15%, di mana lebih kurang setengahnya disebabkan oleh faktor laki-laki. Beberapa faktor diketahui meningkatkan risiko infertilitas pada laki-laki, antara lain merokok, konsumsi alkohol, paparan polusi udara, hingga obesitas. Obesitas menjadi perhatian serius karena prevalensinya yang terus meningkat. Obesitas berhubungan dengan kadar leptin, suatu hormon adiponektin yang berperan dalam maturasi dan pengaturan fisiologi sistem reproduksi manusia, termasuk laki-laki. Namun, jumlah leptin yang berlebihan dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap fertilitas pria karena meningkatkan jumlah reactive oxygen species (ROS) pada testis, menginhibisi pembentukan testosteron, serta menginduksi produksi prolaktin. Lebih jauh, hiperleptinemia kronis juga dapat menimbulkan resistensi leptin yang akan memengaruhi spermatogenesis. Akibatnya, terjadi penurunan kuantitas dan kualitas spermatozoa.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32502/sm.v10i2.2069
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