Email this article KOEKSISTENSI KANKER PARU DAN TUBERKULOSIS
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Koeksistensi kanker paru dan tuberkulosis (TB) telah diketahui dalam banyak studi. Deskripsi tentang hubungan kanker paru dan TB pertama kali dilaporkan lebih dari 200 tahun lalu oleh Bayle pada tahun 1810 yang dikenal dengan “cavitation cancereuse”. Lebih dari sepertiga laporan kasus menyatakan terjadi misdiagnosis antara TB dan kanker paru pada presentasi klinis awal pasien. Proses inflamasi kronis pada TB menyebabkan peningkatan produksi sitokin yang menstimulasi pertumbuhan tumor dan progresifitas sel kanker. Sebaliknya deplesi sel imun, kondisi malnutrisi, dan efek dari pengobatan kemoterapi pada pasien kanker paru menyebabkan penurunan imunitas pasien yang meningkatkan risiko infeksi dan reaktivasi TB. Diagnosis dan pengobatan dari koeksistensi TB dan kanker paru masih menjadi tantangan terutama pada negara endemis.Pengobatan TB yang tidak menunjukkan perbaikan baik klinis maupun radiologis selama 5 minggu harus dicurigai sebagai kanker paru. Kemoterapi bukanlah kontraindikasi pada pemberian terapi obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) secara bersamaan pada pasien dengan koeksistensi kanker paru dan TB. Evaluasi keberhasilan terapi antara lain adalah dengan menurunnya keluhan awal, perbaikan tampilan klinis, perbaikan radiologis, dan evaluasi efek samping pengobatan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32502/sm.v11i1.2583
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