Potensi Small Interference RNA (SiRNA) Inhalasi dalam Menghambat Replikasi Dan Transkripsi SARS-Cov-2

Putri Mahirah Afladhanti; Fara Syafira; Raehan Satya Deanasa

doi:10.32502/sm.v14i1.5736

Potensi Small Interference RNA (SiRNA) Inhalasi dalam Menghambat Replikasi Dan Transkripsi SARS-Cov-2

Putri Mahirah Afladhanti, Fara Syafira, Raehan Satya Deanasa

Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit menular disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang menginfeksi sistem pernapasan, pencernaan, dan saraf dengan penularan yang cepat dan mortalitas cukup tinggi. Namun, hingga saat ini belum ada terapi khusus untuk mengobati COVID-19. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa small interference RNA (siRNA) diketahui memiliki efikasi yang baik mengobati infeksi virus DNA dan RNA. Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi inhalasi siRNA dalam menghambat replikasi dan transkripsi SARS-CoV-2. Literatur dicari menggunakan mesin pencari seperti Google Scholar, Science Direct, ResearchGate, dan National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi digunakan untuk mengeliminasi jurnal yang tidak berhubungan sehingga diperoleh 46 jurnal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siRNA berpotensi menghambat replikasi dan transkripsi SARS-CoV-2 melalui pendekatan gene silencing. siRNA memiliki keunggulan seperti ketahanan ekspresi, efek penghambatan spesifik, efisiensi pada konsentrasi lebih rendah, dan toksisitas rendah. Penggunaan PEG-AuNP sebagai sistem penghantaran siRNA secara inhalasi dapat menurunkan toksisitas dan meningkatkan konsentrasi siRNA. Oleh karena itu, terapi siRNA melalui inhalasi berbasis PEG-AuNP carrier perlu dipertimbangkan untuk terapi COVID-19. Studi klinis lebih lanjut mengenai sistem pengiriman yang ideal dan dosis optimal siRNA berbasis PEG-AuNP melalui inhalasi untuk COVID-19 diperlukan.

Keywords

small interference RNA (siRNA), polyethylene glycol-coated gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNP), replikasi dan transkripsi SARS-CoV-2

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32502/sm.v14i1.5736