Email this article ZEBRAFISH SEBAGAI MODEL HEWAN COBA UNTUK RISET DIABETES
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang serius, mempengaruhi lebih dari 500 juta orang di seluruh dunia. Memahami patofisiologi dan komplikasi DM memerlukan model hewan yang sesuai. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) telah muncul sebagai model yang menjanjikan untuk penelitian diabetes. Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis penelitian terkini tentang penggunaan zebrafish sebagai model eksperimental untuk DM dan komplikasi mikrovaskularnya, dengan fokus pada metode induksi, tujuan penelitian, dan hasil yang diamati. Tinjauan pustaka ini dilakukan untuk menyelidiki variabel-variabel tersebut. DM pada zebrafish dapat diinduksi melalui perendaman glukosa, pemberian makanan berlebihan, agen kimia, dan modifikasi genetik. Model-model ini telah berhasil digunakan untuk studi uji obat, profil molekuler, dan komplikasi diabetes. Variabel yang diamati meliputi kadar glukosa, aktivitas enzim, ekspresi gen, perubahan histopatologis, dan respons perilaku. Hasil telaah menunjukkan kesamaan yang kuat dengan patologi diabetes pada manusia, termasuk perubahan vaskular, proteinuria, apoptosis ginjal, dan disfungsi neuropatik. Zebrafish menyediakan model yang kuat, efisien, dan relevan untuk penelitian diabetes. Meskipun terdapat keterbatasan seperti perbedaan fisiologis dan variabilitas metodologis, model ini memberikan wawasan berharga tentang gangguan metabolik dan komplikasi, sekaligus berfungsi sebagai platform efisien untuk penemuan obat.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32502/sm.v16i1.10394
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