GANGGUAN DISMORFIK TUBUH PADA REMAJA

Ananda Christie Angelin; Agung Ikhssani

doi:10.32502/sm.v13i1.4330

GANGGUAN DISMORFIK TUBUH PADA REMAJA

Ananda Christie Angelin, Agung Ikhssani

Abstract

Paparan konstan terhadap gambaran “kesempurnaan” pada media sosial dapat menyebabkan tekanan yang tidak sehat untuk mencapai tipe tubuh yang tidak realistis, yang dapat menga gangguan dismorfik tubuh. Body dysmorphic disorder BDD adalah gangguan psikiatri dengan karakteristik pasien menderita obsesif yang merasa terganggu dengan gambaran tubuh ideal tertentu atau bayangan dalam penampilannya. Komorbiditas seperti penghindaran sosial, depresi, kecemasan, kualitas hidup yang buruk dan ide bunuh diri adalah hal yang sering terjadi berdampingan. Meskipun merupakan masalah kesehatan psikiatri tetapi pasien mungkin menolak untuk mencari pertolongan dengan profesional kesehatan mental dan mencari bantuan psikiatri. Etiologi dan patogenesis BDD belum sepenuhnya dijelaskan. Berbagai faktor berperan dalam proses patologis yang kompleks termasuk kelainan neurobiologis dan lingkungan. Setelah diagnosis BDD ditegakkan, penatalaksanaan dengan pendekatan cognitive behavioral therapy CBT ataupun farmakoterapi harus didiskusikan dengan pasien dan pendekatan secara simpatik sangat penting. Rujukan ke spesialis kesehatan jiwa atau klinik psiko-dermatologi mungkin diperlukan untuk pengelolaan BDD.. Penatalaksanaan pilihan dalam BDD adalah cognitive behavioral therapy CBT dan inhibitor reuptake spesifik serotonin SSRI. Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengulas gejala BDD dan penatalaksanaannya.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32502/sm.v13i1.4330